The Justice G. Rohini Commission is a four-member commission, a type of investigative body, constituted by the President of India under Article 340 of the Constitution. It was established on October 2, 2017, and is chaired by Justice G. Rohini, the former Chief Justice of the Delhi High Court.
The Commission was created to address the problem of the "inequitable distribution of reservation benefits" among the castes included in the Central List of Other Backward Classes (OBCs). Its core mandate was to examine the extent of this uneven distribution and to work out the mechanism, criteria, and parameters for the sub-categorisation of OBCs. The need arose from the finding that a small number of dominant OBC communities were cornering the majority of the 27% reservation quota.
The Commission's mechanism involved analyzing data on central government jobs and admissions, which revealed that 97% of the benefits went to only 25% of the OBC sub-castes, with 983 communities having zero representation. To rectify this, the Commission reportedly proposed a four-category formula to split the 27% reservation among the over 2,600 caste groups on the Central OBC list.
The work of the Commission connects directly to the Mandal Commission report, which led to the 27% reservation, and the concept of the "creamy layer" exclusion for advanced sections of OBCs. The Commission submitted its final report to the President of India on July 31, 2023, after receiving multiple extensions, marking the most significant recent development, though the report's recommendations are yet to be made public.