Vedanta Resources Limited is a private, globally diversified natural resources company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. Its origin traces back to 1976 when Anil Agarwal founded a scrap-metal dealership in Bombay (now Mumbai), aiming to formalize and scale metal trading. The company's growth was catalyzed by the acquisition of Shamsher Sterling Corporation in 1979, which was renamed Sterlite Industries. A key mechanism for its expansion in India was the acquisition of government-owned assets through the disinvestment program, including a majority stake in Bharat Aluminium Company (BALCO) in 2001 and Hindustan Zinc Limited (HZL) in 2002. Vedanta Resources was first listed on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) in 2003. The company is the largest mining and non-ferrous metals company in India, producing commodities like aluminium, zinc, iron ore, and oil and gas. It connects to significant public discourse due to allegations of regulatory evasion and marginalization of local communities in its operations. Recently, the company was delisted from the LSE in October 2018. A major change occurred in June 2026, when its India-listed subsidiary, Vedanta Limited, completed a demerger, creating four new separate listed entities: Vedanta Aluminium Metal, Vedanta Oil & Gas, Vedanta Power, and Vedanta Iron & Steel. Concurrently, the Enforcement Directorate (ED) has been conducting searches under the Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA) regarding international fund transfers.
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The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments (1992) gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj and Urban Local Bodies.
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